Lesson Plan A Fighter's Lines

A Fighter's Lines

Activity 1: Understanding Symbolism in the Poem

There are several symbolism in the poem.

Again, to refresh you with the meaning of symbolism, it simply means the use of a person, an object, a place, pr an idea to represent it self and something beyond itself at the same time. For example, white color symbolizes purity, decency and what not. 

Now, let's look at the symbolism in the poem. there are generally 3 symbolism in the poem. They are:

• Soldier
• Wall of People
• Heirs of our Freedom

The first one is the soldier. the soldier represents the fight for independence as they are the one who fought in the battle of independence.

The 'Wall of People' represents the united citizens in order to have freedom.

Lastly, the 'Heirs of our Freedom' represents the people under the independent government. Those who inherited the  freedom. Heir means people who inherit something.

A Fighter's Lines

p/s: Exercise 1 is for Activity 2 and Exercise 2 is for Activity 3 

LESSON PLAN LEISURE

Leisure

Activity 1: Understanding the poem

The first couplet is about the persona exploring the idea of standing and staring. He wants to know what life is about if standing and staring cannot be tolerated.

The second couplet is about the persona begins to list out the many things for which people today seem to have no time for such as 'No time to stand beneath the boughs, And stare as long as sheep and cows'. Here, the persona compares the human condition to that of sheep and cows. These animals can stand and stare as long as they wish. They are in a simple natural world like unlike man.

The third couplet claimed by the persona that as human beings travel by the woods, they have no time to see that the squirrels are hiding their nuts in the grass.

In couplet 4, the persona mourns the lack of time for seeing 'in broad daylight'. Man does not bother to take the time to look at the streams which sparkle with stars. This must be the light from the sun.

In couplet 5-6, beauty is personified. The couplets focus on the human quality of 'Beauty'. Man has no time to watch Beauty dance. This is like saying that a man does not take the time to appreciate a beautiful woman as she dances or wait to see her mesmerizing smile, first with her eyes and then with her mouth.

last couplet simply makes something of a moral judgement  that is a pity that Man today cannot just stand and stare at natural and beautiful things. This is because they are so bogged down with responsibilities and worries.

Leisure


p/s: Exercise 1 is for activity 2 and Exercise 2 for activity 3.

EXERCISE FORM 2

I Wonder

Heir Conditioning

One Is One And All Alone

Rumplestiltskin

EXERCISE FORM 1

The River

Mr. Nobody

Flipping Fantastic

Introduction to Literature - Drama

Definition of Drama

• Dramatic work intended for performance by actors before an audience on stage.
• A literary composition that tells a story with the actors impersonating the characters and performing the action and dialogue.
• A display of emotions which often reflects daily life. 

Types of Drama

• Conflict Drama - A struggle or clash between opposing parties or forces. The conflict may develop between different characters who are aiming for the same thing or different things. It could also be between the character and his circumstances or desire. 
• Tragedy Drama - The disastrous downfall of the main character which ends up unhappily. The main character suffers extreme sorrow due to inability to cope with unfavorable circumstances. It could be between justice and injustice or life and death.
• Comedy Drama - A play that ends happily. There is equal balance of humor and serious content. Humor is mixed together with serious dialogue. 
• Modern Drama - It could be conflict, tragedy, comedy or a mixture of any of these 3 types of drama.

Just like short stories and novels, drama consists of such elements:

• Plot
• Characters and Characterization
• Theme
• Setting
• Language and Style
• Tone and Mood
• With additional of dialogue in drama

Introduction to Literature - Poetry

As for poetry, there are elements that are not included in short stories and novels such as:

• Allegory - A form of narrative in which people, places, and events seem to have hidden meanings. Often a retelling of an older story.

• Connotation - The implied meaning of a word.

• Denotation - The dictionary definition of a word.

• Diction - Word choice and usage (for example, formal vs. informal), as determined by considerations of audience and purpose.

• Figurative Language - The use of words to suggest meanings beyond the literal. There are a number of figures of speech. Some of the more common ones are:

• Metaphor - Making a comparison between unlike things without the use of a verbal clue (such as "like" or "as").
• Simile - Making a comparison between unlike things, using "like" or "as".
• Hyperbole - Exaggeration
• Personification - Endowing inanimate objects with human characteristics

• Imagery - A concrete representation of a sense impression, a feeling, or an idea which appeals to one or more of our senses. Look for a pattern of imagery.
• Tactile imagery - sense of touch.
• Aural imagery - sense of hearing.
• Olfactory imagery - sense of smell.
• Visual imagery - sense of sight.
• Gustatory imagery - sense of taste.

• Rhythm and Meter - Rhythm is the pulse or beat in a line of poetry, the regular recurrence of an accent or stress. Meter is the measure or patterned count of a poetry line (a count of the stresses we feel in a poem's rhythm). The unit of poetic meter in English is called a "foot," a unit of measure consisting of stressed and unstressed syllables. Ask yourself how the rhythm and meter affects the tone and meaning.

• Sound - Do the words rhyme? Is there alliteration (repetition of consonants) or assonance (repetition of vowels)? How does this affect the tone?

• Structure - The pattern of organization of a poem. For example, a sonnet is a 14-line poem usually written in iambic pentameter. Because the sonnet is strictly constrained, it is considered a closed or fixed form. An open or free form is a poem in which the author uses a looser form, or perhaps one of his or her own invention. It is not necessarily formless.

• Symbolism - When objects or actions mean more than themselves.

• Syntax - Sentence structure and word order.

• Voice: Speaker and Tone - The voice that conveys the poem's tone; its implied attitude toward its subject

examples of poetries are: I Wonder, The River, Mr. Nobody, Heir Conditioning, A Fighter's Lines, Leisure, In The Midst Of Hardship, He Had Such Quiet Eyes, Nature and Are You Still Playing The Flute?

Introduction to Literature - Short stories and novels

In short story and novel, there are literary elements as such:

• Theme - The idea or point of a story formulated as a generalization. In American literature, several themes are evident which reflect and define our society. The dominant ones might be innocence/experience, life/death, appearance/reality, free will/fate, madness/sanity, love/hate, society/individual, known/unknown. Themes may have a single, instead of a dual nature as well. The theme of a story may be a mid-life crisis, or imagination, or the duality of humankind (contradictions).
• Character - Imaginary people created by the writer. Perhaps the most important element of literature.

• Protagonist - Major character at the center of the story.
• Antagonist - A character or force that opposes the protagonist.
• Minor character - 0ften provides support and illuminates the protagonist.
• Static character - A character who remains the same.
• Dynamic character - A character who changes in some important way.

• Characterization - The means by which writers reveal character.

• Explicit Judgment - Narrator gives facts and interpretive comment.

• Implied Judgment - Narrator gives description; reader make the judgment.

• Plot - The arrangement of ideas and/or incidents that make up a story.
• Causality - One event occurs because of another event.
• Foreshadowing - A suggestion of what is going to happen.
• Suspense - A sense of worry established by the author.
• Conflict - Struggle between opposing forces.
• Exposition - Background information regarding the setting, characters, plot.
• Complication or Rising Action - Intensification of conflict.
• Crisis - Turning point; moment of great tension that fixes the action.
• Resolution/Denouement - The way the story turns out.

• Structure - The design or form of the completed action. Often provides clues to character and action. Can even philosophically mirror the author's intentions, especially if it is unusual.

• Setting - The place or location of the action, the setting provides the historical and cultural context for characters. It often can symbolize the emotional state of characters.

• Point of View - Again, the point of view can sometimes indirectly establish the author's intentions. Point of view pertains to who tells the story and how it is told.

• Narrator - The person telling the story.
• First-person - Narrator participates in action but sometimes has limited knowledge/vision.
• Objective - Narrator is unnamed/unidentified (a detached observer). Does not assume character's perspective and is not a character in the story. The narrator reports on events and lets the reader supply the meaning.
• Omniscient - All-knowing narrator (multiple perspectives). The narrator takes us into the character and can evaluate a character for the reader (editorial omniscience). When a narrator allows the reader to make his or her own judgments from the action of the characters themselves, it is called neutral omniscience.
• Limited omniscient - All-knowing narrator about one or two characters, but not all.

• Language and Style - Style is the verbal identity of a writer, oftentimes based on the author's use of diction (word choice) and syntax (the order of words in a sentence). A writer's use of language reveals his or her tone, or the attitude toward the subject matter.
• Irony - A contrast or discrepancy between one thing and another.
• Verbal irony - We understand the opposite of what the speaker says.
• Irony of Circumstance or Situational Irony - When one event is expected to occur but the opposite happens. A discrepancy between what seems to be and what is.
• Dramatic Irony - Discrepancy between what characters know and what readers know.
• Ironic Vision - An overall tone of irony that pervades a work, suggesting how the writer views the characters.

Examples of short stories are:  Flipping Fantastic, One Is One And All Alone, QWERTYUIOP & The Fruitcake Special.